Root-knot nematodes induce gall formation by recruiting developmental pathways of post-embryonic organogenesis and regeneration to promote transient pluripotency

The New Phytologist
Rocío OlmoCarolina Escobar

Abstract

Root-knot nematodes (RKNs; Meloidogyne spp.) induce new post-embryogenic organs within the roots (galls) where they stablish and differentiate nematode feeding cells, giant cells (GCs). The developmental programmes and functional genes involved remain poorly defined. Arabidopsis root apical meristem (RAM), lateral root (LR) and callus marker lines, SHORT-ROOT/SHR, SCARECROW/SCR, SCHIZORIZA/SCZ, WUSCHEL-RELATED-HOMEOBOX-5/WOX5, AUXIN-RESPONSIVE-FACTOR-5/ARF5, ARABIDOPSIS-HISTIDINE PHOSPHOTRANSFER-PROTEIN-6/AHP6, GATA-TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR-23/GATA23 and S-PHASE-KINASE-ASSOCIATED-PROTEIN2B/SKP2B, were analysed for nematode-dependent expression. Their corresponding loss-of-function lines, including those for LR upstream regulators, SOLITARY ROOT/SLR/IAA14, BONDELOS/BDL/IAA12 and INDOLE-3-ACETIC-ACID-INDUCIBLE-28/IAA28, were tested for RKN resistance/tolerance. LR genes, for example ARF5 (key factor for root stem-cell niche regeneration), GATA23 (which specifies pluripotent founder cells) and AHP6 (cytokinin-signalling-inhibitor regulating pericycle cell-divisions orientation), show a crucial function during gall formation. RKNs do not compromise the number of founder cells or LR primordia but locally induce gall formation possibly b...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 1, 2020·The EMBO Journal·Bénédicte Desvoyes, Crisanto Gutierrez
Jan 21, 2021·Molecular Plant-microbe Interactions : MPMI·Sofia R CostaUlrike Mathesius
Jun 15, 2021·Frontiers in Plant Science·Matthijs OosterbeekAska Goverse
Aug 28, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Martin RasporTatjana Ćosić
Oct 26, 2021·Frontiers in Plant Science·Reira SuzukiShinichiro Sawa

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