Safety assessment of nicotinamide riboside, a form of vitamin B3

Human & Experimental Toxicology
D B ConzeC L Kruger

Abstract

Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a naturally occurring form of vitamin B3 present in trace amounts in some foods. Like niacin, it has been shown to be a precursor in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). The safety of Niagen™, a synthetic form of NR, was determined using a bacterial reverse mutagenesis assay (Ames), an in vitro chromosome aberration assay, an in vivo micronucleus assay, and acute, 14-day and 90-day rat toxicology studies. NR was not genotoxic. There was no mortality at an oral dose of 5000 mg/kg. Based on the results of a 14-day study, a 90-day study was performed comparing NR at 300, 1000, and 3000 mg/kg/day to an equimolar dose of nicotinamide at 1260 mg/kg/day as a positive control. Results from the study show that NR had a similar toxicity profile to nicotinamide at the highest dose tested. Target organs of toxicity were liver, kidney, ovaries, and testes. The lowest observed adverse effect level for NR was 1000 mg/kg/day, and the no observed adverse effect level was 300 mg/kg/day.

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Citations

Aug 5, 2016·Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition·Ioannis A KourtzidisMichalis G Nikolaidis
Sep 22, 2018·The FEBS Journal·Nima B FakouriVilhelm A Bohr
Oct 11, 2016·Nature Communications·Samuel A J TrammellCharles Brenner
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Jan 25, 2021·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Qiuzhen LinQiming Liu
Apr 20, 2020·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Basis of Disease·Christian Cortés-RojoElizabeth Calderón-Cortés
Apr 3, 2021·Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN·Itaru YasudaHiroshi Itoh
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Jun 3, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Günter SchabertUrs Spitz
Aug 21, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Xinshi WangCheng-Long Xie

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
chromosomal aberration
blood draw

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