Salivary anti-coxsackievirus-B4 neutralizing activity and pattern of immune parameters in patients with type 1 diabetes: a pilot study
Abstract
Enteroviruses, especially coxsackieviruses B (CV-B), have been associated with the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). An anti-CV-B4 neutralizing activity in saliva of T1D patients was previously reported. Our aim was to study the association between the saliva anti-CV-B4 neutralizing activity and immune parameters in T1D patients in comparison with non-diabetic individuals. Saliva and blood samples were collected from 15 T1D patients and 8 controls. The anti-CV-B4 and anti-poliovirus type 1 (PV-1) activities of saliva and serum samples were determined by a plaque neutralization assay. Quantification of serum cytokines was performed by ELISA and the frequencies of lymphocyte subsets were evaluated using flow cytometry. The levels of salivary anti-CV-B4 neutralizing activity were higher in T1D patients than in controls (p = 0.02), whereas the serum levels of anti-CV-B4 neutralizing activity and the saliva and serum levels of anti-PV-1 neutralizing activity were not different. The proportions of effector CD4+ T cells and CD19+ B cells, but not those of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells and Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, were higher in T1D patients than in controls (p = 0.02 and p = 0.01 respectively). Moreover, serum IFN-γ levels were lo...Continue Reading
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