Salt restriction reduces hyperfiltration, renal enlargement, and albuminuria in experimental diabetes

Diabetes
T J AllenM E Cooper

Abstract

The effects of dietary salt restriction on the renin-angiotensin system, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal size, and albuminuria were assessed in streptozotocin diabetic rats. Two series of experiments were performed: one short-term with severe salt restriction and the second long-term with moderate salt restriction. The first studied the effect of a very-low-salt diet for 4 weeks on GFR, renal size, and plasma angiotensin II concentration in diabetic and control rats. Diabetic and control male Sprague-Dawley rats received either a very-low-salt (0.005% NaCl) or a normal-salt (0.4% NaCl) diet. Diabetes was associated with a 49% increase in GFR, a 34% increase in kidney weight, and an 85% reduction in plasma angiotensin II when compared with control rats (P < 0.001). Sodium restriction in diabetic rats reduced GFR, restored plasma angiotensin II to control values, and retarded kidney growth when compared with diabetic rats receiving a normal sodium diet. GFR correlated negatively with plasma angiotensin II (r = -0.65, P < 0.001) and positively with kidney weight (r = 0.66, P < 0.001). In the second experiment, serial measurements of albuminuria and GFR were performed in control, diabetic, and salt-restricted (0.05% NaCl) c...Continue Reading

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