Salt sensitivity and left ventricular hypertrophy

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
A Coca, A de la Sierra

Abstract

Essential hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) increase their mortality rates due to all cardiovascular diseases from 3 to 10 times more than hypertensives without signs of cardiac hypertrophy. LVH modifies the equilibrium between the oxygen supply and demand by the myocardium. The coronary reserve is appreciably reduced in hypertensives with LVH even in the absence of any stenosis of coronary arteries. Thus, in patients with normal coronary angiogram, a predisposition toward myocardial ischemia already exists. This process has been associated with the increased incidence of ventricular arrhythmias in essential hypertensives with LVH, what could be linked to the increasing risk of sudden death in these patients. In addition to hemodynamic factors (pressure and volume overload) several non-hemodynamic factors have been involved in the pathogenesis of LVH in hypertension. LVH would develop in subjects with a particular genetic substrate by the overlap of high blood pressure values and several factors linked to the adrenergic system, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, other vasoactive substances, and growth factors. It has been previously reported that NaCl ingestion is a powerful determinant of lef...Continue Reading

Citations

Feb 3, 2007·Journal of Human Hypertension·I S Hoffmann, L X Cubeddu
Sep 12, 2000·Current Hypertension Reports·D K Arnett
Feb 18, 2004·Hypertension·Nelson Ruiz-OpazoJohn Tonkiss
Apr 1, 2011·European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation : Official Journal of the European Society of Cardiology, Working Groups on Epidemiology & Prevention and Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology·Wolfgang LiebRamachandran S Vasan
Dec 22, 1999·The American Journal of Physiology·K L ButlerJ K Gwathmey
Dec 5, 2009·Hypertension Research : Official Journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension·Geraldine DaumerieMildred A Pointer
Feb 20, 2004·Current Hypertension Reports·Donna K ArnettUlrich Broeckel

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