Sarcoidosis: a Critical Review of History and Milestones

Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
Paolo Spagnolo

Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a chronic systemic disease of unknown origin and uncertain prognosis that most commonly affects young adults, and frequently presents with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, pulmonary infiltrates and ocular and skin lesions. The diagnosis is established when characteristic clinical-radiological features are supported by compatible histopathology of epithelioid cell granulomas, following exclusion of known causes of granulomatous inflammation. Indeed, sarcoidosis belongs to a large family of disorders that share granuloma formation as common denominator. Since its first description by Jonathan Hutchinson in 1869, sarcoidosis has generated enormous interest and considerable controversy. In Hutchinson's day, it was considered a dermatological condition, which gradually evolved into a multisystem disorder associated in the majority of cases with respiratory abnormalities. With time, it has also become clear that sarcoidosis occurs throughout the world, affecting individuals of both genders and all races, although its prevalence varies widely across ethnic and racial groups. In recent years, advances in different disciplines, particularly biochemistry, genetics, immunology and molecular biology, have improved dramatical...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 19, 2016·Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology·Angela CeribelliCarlo Selmi
Jan 1, 2016·Oxford Medical Case Reports·Andrew Meillier, Marius Commodore
Jul 8, 2015·Dysphagia·Alexander DelidesJohn G Panayiotides
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Jun 28, 2021·Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine·Paolo Spagnolo, Lisa A Maier

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