SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) and cystic fibrosis.

American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
Bruce A StantonAlix Ashare

Abstract

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disease caused by mutations in the CFTR gene. Although viral respiratory tract infections are, in general, more severe in patients with CF compared with the general population, a small number of studies indicate that SARS-CoV-2 does not cause a worse infection in CF. This is surprising since comorbidities including preexisting lung disease have been reported to be associated with worse outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 infections. Several recent studies provide insight into why SARS-CoV-2 may not produce more severe outcomes in CF. First, ACE and ACE2, genes that play key roles in SARS-CoV-2 infection, have some variants that are predicted to reduce the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Second, mRNA for ACE2 is elevated and mRNA for TMPRSS2, a serine protease, is decreased in CF airway epithelial cells. Increased ACE2 is predicted to enhance SARS-CoV-2 binding to cells but would increase conversion of angiotensin II, which is proinflammatory, to angiotensin-1-7, which is anti-inflammatory. Thus, increased ACE2 would reduce inflammation and lung damage due to SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, decreased TMPRSS2 would reduce SARS-CoV-2 entry into airway epithelial cells. Second, many CF patients are treated with azithro...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 15, 2020·Journal of Cystic Fibrosis : Official Journal of the European Cystic Fibrosis Society·Robert BainMalcolm Brodlie
Mar 7, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Alessandra GhigoVirginia De Rose
May 4, 2021·Current Opinion in Pediatrics·John Palla, Theresa A Laguna
May 11, 2021·Purinergic Signalling·Edward H AbrahamKent Robinson
May 22, 2021·BMC Pulmonary Medicine·Hannah R MathewMarvin J Fritzler
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Emma L CarrollS Lorraine Martin
Jun 18, 2021·Pediatric Pulmonology·Nicole CollaçoAnne-Sophie Darlington
Jul 8, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology·Reem Abdel HameidBakhrom K Berdiev
Oct 9, 2021·Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine·Pierre-Régis Burgel, Christopher Goss
Nov 3, 2021·Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine·Michael WilliamsonEmer Reeves

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
bronchoalveolar
lavage
gene
pulldown
RNA-seq
bronchoalveolar lavage
glycosylation

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT04321096

Software Mentioned

ScanGEO

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