Satellite glial cells in human trigeminal ganglia have a broad expression of functional Toll-like receptors

European Journal of Immunology
Johanna G MitterreiterGeorges M G M Verjans

Abstract

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) orchestrate immune responses to a wide variety of danger- and pathogen-associated molecular patterns. Compared to the central nervous system (CNS), expression profile and function of TLRs in the human peripheral nervous system (PNS) are ill-defined. We analyzed TLR expression of satellite glial cells (SGCs) and microglia, glial cells predominantly involved in local immune responses in ganglia of the human PNS and normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) of the CNS, respectively. Ex vivo flow cytometry analysis of cell suspensions obtained from human cadaveric trigeminal ganglia (TG) and NAWM showed that both SGCs and microglia expressed TLR1-5, TLR7, and TLR9, although expression levels varied between these cell types. Immunohistochemistry confirmed expression of TLR1-TLR4 and TLR9 by SGCs in situ. Stimulation of TG- and NAWM-derived cell suspensions with ligands of TLR1-TLR6, but not TLR7 and TLR9, induced interleukin 6 (IL-6) secretion. We identified CD45(LOW) CD14(POS) SGCs and microglia, but not CD45(HIGH) leukocytes and CD45(NEG) cells as the main source of IL-6 and TNF-α upon stimulation with TLR3 and TLR5 ligands. In conclusion, human TG-resident SGCs express a broad panel of functional TLRs, sugge...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 25, 2018·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Kerry J LaingGeorges M G M Verjans
Jul 24, 2020·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Menachem Hanani, David C Spray
Jul 1, 2018·Viruses·Daniel P DepledgeWerner J D Ouwendijk
Jul 12, 2019·Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience·Rainer Viktor HaberbergerDusan Matusica
Feb 10, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Shaista AfrozYoshizo Matsuka
Aug 23, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Shaista AfrozYoshizo Matsuka
Oct 22, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Liya Y Qiao, Namrata Tiwari
Feb 15, 2021·Inflammation Research : Official Journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et Al.]·Franz NürnbergerJoachim Roth
May 8, 2021·Neuroscience Letters·Megan L UhelskiPatrick M Dougherty
Sep 18, 2021·Journal of Neuroinflammation·Becky J ProskocilMatthew G Drake

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