Saturated Fat Is More Metabolically Harmful for the Human Liver Than Unsaturated Fat or Simple Sugars.

Diabetes Care
Panu K LuukkonenHannele Yki-Järvinen

Abstract

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (i.e., increased intrahepatic triglyceride [IHTG] content), predisposes to type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Adipose tissue lipolysis and hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) are the main pathways contributing to IHTG. We hypothesized that dietary macronutrient composition influences the pathways, mediators, and magnitude of weight gain-induced changes in IHTG. We overfed 38 overweight subjects (age 48 ± 2 years, BMI 31 ± 1 kg/m2, liver fat 4.7 ± 0.9%) 1,000 extra kcal/day of saturated (SAT) or unsaturated (UNSAT) fat or simple sugars (CARB) for 3 weeks. We measured IHTG (1H-MRS), pathways contributing to IHTG (lipolysis ([2H5]glycerol) and DNL (2H2O) basally and during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia), insulin resistance, endotoxemia, plasma ceramides, and adipose tissue gene expression at 0 and 3 weeks. Overfeeding SAT increased IHTG more (+55%) than UNSAT (+15%, P < 0.05). CARB increased IHTG (+33%) by stimulating DNL (+98%). SAT significantly increased while UNSAT decreased lipolysis. SAT induced insulin resistance and endotoxemia and significantly increased multiple plasma ceramides. The diets had distinct effects on adipose tissue gene expression. Macronutrient composition of excess ene...Continue Reading

References

Apr 2, 2003·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Giovanni MussoGianfranco Pagano
May 3, 2005·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Kerry L DonnellyElizabeth J Parks
Jun 3, 2006·Obesity·Ann M HarrisJames A Levine
Apr 26, 2007·Diabetes·Patrice D CaniRémy Burcelin
Apr 26, 2008·Progress in Lipid Research·Leanne HodsonBarbara A Fielding
Jun 24, 2011·The New England Journal of Medicine·Dariush MozaffarianFrank B Hu
May 9, 2012·Cell Metabolism·Jose A Chavez, Scott A Summers
Sep 7, 2012·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Ksenia SevastianovaHannele Yki-Järvinen
Apr 2, 2014·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Fabienne LaugeretteMarie-Caroline Michalski
Apr 16, 2014·The Lancet. Diabetes & Endocrinology·Hannele Yki-Järvinen
Feb 17, 2017·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Marta Guasch-FerréJordi Salas-Salvadó
Feb 27, 2017·Journal of Hepatology·Panu K LuukkonenHannele Yki-Järvinen
Jun 18, 2017·Circulation·Frank M SacksUNKNOWN American Heart Association
Dec 10, 2017·Diabetes Care·UNKNOWN American Diabetes Association
Jan 9, 2018·Cell Metabolism·Scott A Summers

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Oct 10, 2018·Transplantation·Irene Pierantonelli, Gianluca Svegliati-Baroni
Dec 28, 2018·Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·Soo LimJan Borén
Nov 21, 2018·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·Leanne Hodson
Apr 4, 2019·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·Leanne HodsonSiôn A Parry
Oct 24, 2018·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·Javier T Gonzalez, James A Betts
Sep 27, 2019·Nature Reviews. Endocrinology·Leanne Hodson, Pippa J Gunn
Dec 28, 2019·Journal of the American College of Nutrition·Maximilian Andreas Storz
Aug 25, 2019·Nutrients·Marja-Riitta TaskinenJan Borén
Sep 26, 2019·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Mazen NoureddinVeronica Wendy Setiawan
Feb 13, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Pavla StaňkováZuzana Červinková
Feb 6, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Habtamu B BeyenePeter J Meikle
Jan 4, 2020·Hepatology : Official Journal of the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases·Hannele Yki-Järvinen
Dec 4, 2019·Current Opinion in Lipidology·Stine M Ulven, Kirsten B Holven
Apr 2, 2020·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Rebecca Dewhurst-TriggOonagh Markey
Apr 16, 2020·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·Stefano MinistriniFederico Carbone
May 10, 2020·Liver International : Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver·Sami QadriHannele Yki-Järvinen
Sep 18, 2020·Molecular Nutrition & Food Research·Shaun J SharkeyFinbarr P M O'Harte
Aug 23, 2019·JCI Insight·Panu K LuukkonenHannele Yki-Järvinen
Dec 6, 2019·Nature·Michael Roden, Gerald I Shulman
Jul 23, 2020·Nature Metabolism·Scott A SummersWilliam L Holland
Jul 9, 2020·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Ying LiBhagirath Chaurasia
Mar 23, 2019·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Nynke SimonsMartijn C G J Brouwers
Jul 6, 2019·Science·Bhagirath ChaurasiaScott A Summers
Feb 18, 2020·The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society·R Dewhurst-TriggO Markey
Mar 25, 2020·Nutrients·Carina VenterKevin C Klatt
Jul 21, 2020·Mediators of Inflammation·Mingxia ZhaoLin Zhao
Apr 20, 2019·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Margaret A DrazbaMelissa Ventura Marra
Aug 2, 2019·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·Fredrik RosqvistUlf Risérus
Jan 5, 2020·Journal of Lipid Research·Bryon F TuthillLaura Palanker Musselman
Mar 18, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Panu K LuukkonenHannele Yki-Järvinen
Aug 28, 2020·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Annelise M Poss, Scott A Summers

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
biopsy

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT02133144

Software Mentioned

AivoDiet

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

CV Disorders & Type 2 Diabetes

This feed focuses on the association of cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Cardiovascular Disorder in Diabetes

Diabetes is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disorders and heart failure. Discover the latest research here.

American Diabetes Association Journals

Discover the latest diabetes research published by the journals from the American Diabetes Association.