Scaling of angiosperm xylem structure with safety and efficiency

Tree Physiology
Uwe G HackeLaura Castro

Abstract

We tested the hypothesis that greater cavitation resistance correlates with less total inter-vessel pit area per vessel (the pit area hypothesis) and evaluated a trade-off between cavitation safety and transport efficiency. Fourteen species of diverse growth form (vine, ring- and diffuse-porous tree, shrub) and family affinity were added to published data predominately from the Rosaceae (29 species total). Two types of vulnerability-to-cavitation curves were found. Ring-porous trees and vines showed an abrupt drop in hydraulic conductivity with increasing negative pressure, whereas hydraulic conductivity in diffuse-porous species generally decreased gradually. The ring-porous type curve was not an artifact of the centrifuge method because it was obtained also with the air-injection technique. A safety versus efficiency trade-off was evident when curves were compared across species: for a given pressure, there was a limited range of optimal vulnerability curves. The pit area hypothesis was supported by a strong relationship (r2 = 0.77) between increasing cavitation resistance and diminishing pit membrane area per vessel (A(P)). Small A(P) was associated with small vessel surface area and hence narrow vessel diameter (D) and shor...Continue Reading

Citations

May 11, 2010·Oecologia·Stefan MayrPeter Schmid
Jun 10, 2011·Oecologia·Heidi J Renninger, Nathan Phillips
Sep 17, 2008·Microscopy and Microanalysis : the Official Journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada·Nele SchmitzNico Koedam
Aug 6, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·H Jochen SchenkCynthia S Jones
Sep 12, 2012·Journal of Experimental Botany·Nayana Dilini Gardiyehewa de SilvaPeter Ryser
Apr 3, 2013·Journal of Experimental Botany·Aude TixierStéphane Herbette
Dec 10, 2013·Tree Physiology·Barbara BeikircherStefan Mayr
Oct 26, 2011·Plant Physiology·Wouter G van DoornDimitrios Fanourakis
Feb 27, 2014·Tree Physiology·Uwe G Hacke
Mar 13, 2014·Journal of Experimental Botany·Hae Koo KimIldoo Hwang
Jul 11, 2014·Tree Physiology·Peter HajekBernhard Schuldt
May 28, 2014·Journal of Experimental Botany·Steven L MatznerMacKenzie R Beukelman
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Nov 26, 2015·Journal of Plant Research·Xiping Zhao

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