Science and technology of the emerging nanomedicines in cancer therapy: A primer for physicians and pharmacists

SAGE Open Medicine
Gopalakrishna Pillai, Maria L Ceballos-Coronel

Abstract

Nanomedicine, the medical applications of devices based on nanotechnology, promises an endless range of applications from biomedical imaging to drug and gene delivery. The size range of the nanomaterials is strictly defined as 1-100 nm, although many marketed nanomedicines are in the submicron range of 100-1000 nm. The major advantages of using nanomaterials as a carrier for anticancer agents are the possibility of targeted delivery to the tumor; their physical properties such as optical and magnetic properties, which can be exploited for developing contrast agents for tumor imaging; their ability to hold thousands of molecules of a drug and deliver at the required site and also the ability to overcome solubility and stability issues. Currently, there are several nanotechnology-enabled diagnostic and therapeutic agents undergoing clinical trials and a few already approved by Food and Drug Administration. Targeted delivery of anticancer agents is achieved by exploiting a unique characteristic of the rapidly dividing tumor cells called "the enhanced permeability and retention effect." Nanoparticles with mean diameter between 100 and 200 nm or even above 200 nm have also been reported to be taken up by tumor cells via the enhanced...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 15, 2017·Journal of Drug Targeting·Ummarah KanwalAbida Raza
Nov 20, 2018·Nanomedicine·Fatemeh FarjadianMichael R Hamblin
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May 16, 2021·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·Shangui LiuGuangxi Zhai

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
scanning electron microscopy
dynamic light scattering
xenograft

Software Mentioned

Myocet
Oncaspar
aurimmune
Allocrest
ThermoDox

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