Screening for cancer: lessons learned

Journal of Occupational Medicine. : Official Publication of the Industrial Medical Association
B S Hulka

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to clarify the objectives of screening programs, particularly for cancer, characteristics of diseases suitable for screening, features of suitable screening tests, levels of program evaluation, and evidence on the advantages and disadvantages of screening. Diseases suitable for screening are those leading to serious morbidity and high mortality, those with a prolonged preclinical phase in their natural course, and those for which effective therapy is available following early diagnosis. Useful screening procedures have documented validity, acceptability, and safety and are performed with relative ease and modest cost. These generic issues in cancer screening are examined in the context of screening for cervical, breast, and lung cancer. Each of these cancers illustrates how to weigh different kinds of evidence when advocating or rejecting screening.

Citations

Sep 1, 1991·Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health·M PortaJ Planas
Oct 1, 1992·The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology·W E Pierson, J Q Koenig
Feb 15, 1991·Cancer·R S FontanaE J Bergstralh
Jan 15, 2003·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Parthiv J MahadeviaNeil R Powe

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