Screening for Unhealthy Drug Use: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force

JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association
Carrie PatnodeRoger Chou

Abstract

Illicit drug use is among the most common causes of preventable morbidity and mortality in the US. To systematically review the literature on screening and interventions for drug use to inform the US Preventive Services Task Force. MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through September 18, 2018; literature surveillance through September 21, 2019. Test accuracy studies to detect drug misuse and randomized clinical trials of screening and interventions to reduce drug use. Critical appraisal and data abstraction by 2 reviewers and random-effects meta-analyses. Sensitivity, specificity, drug use and other health, social, and legal outcomes. Ninety-nine studies (N = 84 206) were included. Twenty-eight studies (n = 65 720) addressed drug screening accuracy. Among adults, sensitivity and specificity of screening tools for detecting unhealthy drug use ranged from 0.71 to 0.94 and 0.87 to 0.97, respectively. Interventions to reduce drug use were evaluated in 52 trials (n = 15 659) of psychosocial interventions, 7 trials (n = 1109) of opioid agonist therapy, and 13 trials (n = 1718) of naltrexone. Psychosocial interventions were associated with increased likelihood of drug use abstinence (...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 3, 2020·Substance Abuse : Official Publication of the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse·Sarah K MooreJennifer McNeely
Mar 19, 2021·Addiction Science & Clinical Practice·Majid AfsharNiranjan S Karnik
May 21, 2021·BMJ : British Medical Journal·Megan BureshDarius Rastegar
Jun 8, 2021·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Katherine J HoggattEmily C Williams
Nov 18, 2021·Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology·Heidi PreisLobel Marci

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