Sea urchin hatching enzyme (envelysin): cDNA cloning and deprivation of protein substrate specificity by autolytic degradation

Biochemistry
K NomuraN Suzuki

Abstract

The hatching enzyme (envelysin) of the sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus was purified from the medium of hatched blastulae. By cDNA cloning its deduced amino acid sequence and molecular architecture were revealed. The 591-residue precursor with calculated Mr of 66,123 consists of an 18-residue signal sequence, a 151-residue propeptide, and a 422-residue mature enzyme with N-terminal catalytic and C-terminal hemopexin-like domains. As compared with that of Paracentrotus lividus, its amino acid sequence is 69% identical and 10% similar. They share typical structural features with the mammalian MMP gene family members: cysteine switch, zinc-binding signature, methionine-turn, Cys residues near both ends of hemopexin-like domain, etc. However, its propeptide has a 70-residue extra sequence with an Asp- and Glu-rich stretch, supposedly involved in the proenzyme activation by binding Ca2+ ions in seawater. The hinge region is also longer than those of most MMPs, with an extra sequence rich in Thr and Arg residues. Mature 50K enzyme is highly susceptible to autolytic cleavage at Gln(503)-Leu(504), producing the 38K form retaining catalytic activity and substrate specificity against fertilization envelope. The 38K form and 15K frag...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 28, 1998·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Y Kitamura, C Katagiri
Feb 24, 2004·Molecular Biology of the Cell·Sheila A Haley, Gary M Wessel
Aug 31, 2001·Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire·C Sharpe, J J Robinson
Oct 27, 1999·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·M A ForgetR Béliveau
Jun 22, 2000·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·K NomuraN Suzuki
Jan 30, 2010·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology·Shigeki YasumasuNorio Yoshizaki
May 23, 2006·Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics·Bing-Jun LiZhen-Ping Shi
Nov 27, 1999·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·J M MaidmentI M Clark
Feb 2, 2010·Acta Biochimica Et Biophysica Sinica·Tingjun FanRishan Cong
Apr 11, 2017·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Cell Research·Laura Marino-PuertasF Xavier Gomis-Rüth

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