PMID: 9551477Dec 16, 1998Paper

Seasonal abundance and parity of stock-associated Culicoides species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in different climatic regions in southern Africa in relation to their viral vector potential

The Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research
Gert J VenterT C Van der Linde

Abstract

Seasonal abundance and parity in Culicoides populations, in the vicinity of livestock, were determined at seven sites in five different climatic regions with 220 V down-draught blacklight-traps. In 418 collections made between October 1983 and December 1986, a total of 2,134,171 Culicoides, of which 342,571 were identified to species level and sexed, were collected; 267 of these collections (182,321 Culicoides) were graded for parity. In the frost-free summer rainfall area, Culicoides were collected in large numbers in light-traps throughout the year; this implies breeding and possible virus transmission throughout the winter in certain parts of South Africa. However, where frost occurred, Culicoides numbers usually peaked in late summer and dropped sharply after the first frost. In the latter areas, small Culicoides collections during winter may be due to low winter temperatures and rainfall; low temperatures negatively affect adult activity and reduce the rate of development of larvae and pupae; low rainfall would lead to a reduction of available larval habitats. Relatively large numbers of Culicoides were collected in winter in the temperature frost-free winter rainfall area. In each of the four summer rainfall areas, one Cu...Continue Reading

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