Seasonal changes in pollen limitation and femaleness along the snowmelt gradient in a distylous alpine herb, Primula modesta

Ecology and Evolution
Yoshiaki KameyamaMasaaki Takyu

Abstract

Flowering phenology of alpine plants is strongly determined by the timing of snowmelt, and the conditions of pollination of widely distributed plants vary greatly during their flowering season. We examined the reproductive success of the distylous alpine herb, Primula modesta, along the snowmelt gradient under natural conditions, and compared it with the result of artificial pollination experiments. In addition, the compositions and visit frequencies of pollinators to the flower of P. modesta were examined during the flowering period. The pin and thrum plants of P. modesta growing at the same site have an equal ability to produce seeds if a sufficient amount of legitimate pollen grains are deposited on the stigma surface. However, under natural conditions, their seed-set success was often (even if not always) restricted by pollen limitation, and the functional gender of the pin and thrum plants biased to the female and male, respectively, associated with their growing sites. These variations were not ascribed to resource limitation nor biased morph ratio but to the seasonal changes in pollination situations, a replacement of pollinator types from long- to short-tongued pollinators resulted in unidirectional pollen transfer from...Continue Reading

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Apr 27, 2019·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·David W Inouye

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