Second Blood Meal by Female Lutzomyia longipalpis : Enhancement by Oviposition and Its Effects on Digestion, Longevity, and Leishmania Infection

BioMed Research International
Caroline da Silva MoraesFernando A Genta

Abstract

Lutzomyia longipalpis is the main vector of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in America. Physiological and molecular mechanisms of Leishmania infection in sand flies have been studied during the first gonotrophic cycle. There are few studies about these interactions during the second gonotrophic cycle mainly because of the difficulties maintaining sand flies through sequential feeds. Here we standardized conditions to perform the second blood feed efficiently, and our results show that oviposition is an essential factor for the success of multiple feeds. We evaluated the impact of the second blood meal on longevity, protein digestion, trypsin activity, and Leishmania mexicana development within L. longipalpis gut. Mortality of blood-fed females increases after second blood meal as compared to sugar-fed females. Trypsin activity was lower during the second gonotrophic cycle. However, no difference in protein intake was observed between blood meals. There was no difference in the population size of Leishmania in the gut after both blood meals. In this work, we presented an optimized protocol for obtaining sufficient numbers of sand fly females fed on a second blood meal, and we described some physiological and parasitological aspects ...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 23, 2019·Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz·Samara G da CostaFernando Ariel Genta
Jan 22, 2021·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Kelsilandia Aguiar MartinsAlon Warburg
Mar 20, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Octavio A C TalyuliGabriela O Paiva-Silva
May 6, 2021·Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciências·Felipe D Rêgo, Rodrigo Pedro Soares
Aug 15, 2021·Trends in Parasitology·Tiago D SerafimShaden Kamhawi

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
light microscopy

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism

Related Concepts