Secondary contact between diverged host lineages entails ecological speciation in a European hantavirus

PLoS Biology
Moritz SaxenhoferGerald Heckel

Abstract

The diversity of viruses probably exceeds biodiversity of eukaryotes, but little is known about the origin and emergence of novel virus species. Experimentation and disease outbreak investigations have allowed the characterization of rapid molecular virus adaptation. However, the processes leading to the establishment of functionally distinct virus taxa in nature remain obscure. Here, we demonstrate that incipient speciation in a natural host species has generated distinct ecological niches leading to adaptive isolation in an RNA virus. We found a very strong association between the distributions of two major phylogenetic clades in Tula orthohantavirus (TULV) and the rodent host lineages in a natural hybrid zone of the European common vole (Microtus arvalis). The spatial transition between the virus clades in replicated geographic clines is at least eight times narrower than between the hybridizing host lineages. This suggests a strong barrier for effective virus transmission despite frequent dispersal and gene flow among local host populations, and translates to a complete turnover of the adaptive background of TULV within a few hundred meters in the open, unobstructed landscape. Genetic differences between TULV clades are hom...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 25, 2020·Virus Genes·Florian BinderRainer G Ulrich
Aug 11, 2019·Archives of Virology·René RyllRainer G Ulrich
Sep 6, 2020·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Stephan DrewesRainer G Ulrich
Jan 14, 2021·Nature Communications·Vorrapon ChaikeeratisakJoe Pogliano
Feb 23, 2021·Epidemiology and Infection·K JeskeC Imholt
Jun 10, 2021·Journal of Virology·Alvin Crespo-BellidoSiobain Duffy
Oct 7, 2021·Molecular Ecology·Moritz SaxenhoferGerald Heckel

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Software Mentioned

CIPRES
MaxChi
HZAR
HYPHY
MrBayes
STRUCTURE
GENECOV
MEME
PAML
Datamonkey webserver

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