Selection for polymorphism in the antigen recognition site of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules.

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology
A K JonssonL Rask

Abstract

The genetic basis for the extensive polymorphism of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules was investigated by statistical analysis. Nucleotide sequences of human DQA1, DQB1, DRB1, and DRB3 genes and murine A alpha, A beta, and E beta genes were used. The results show that polymorphism is selected for in the antigen recognition site of class II molecules since replacement substitutions in this region were found to occur at a significantly higher frequency than expected in the absence of selection. In contrast, replacement substitutions are selected against in the remaining part of the first domain exon and in the second domain exon. Furthermore, comparing the sequence variability pattern among different class II alpha and beta sequences, using a variability index for each residue, showed that, with few exceptions, highly polymorphic residues occur in the antigen recognition site. There was a strong and highly significant correlation in the variability pattern in the homologous DRB/E beta sequences but not for DQB/A beta or DQA/A alpha sequences. This difference may be related to the fact that both alpha and beta chains of DQ/A molecules are polymorphic, while only beta chains of DR/E molecules vary.

References

Feb 1, 1989·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·A L Hughes, M Nei
May 1, 1985·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D LandaisD Mathis
Apr 14, 1988·Nature·T J McConnellE K Wakeland
May 1, 1985·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·L Mengle-Gaw, H O McDevitt
Jun 1, 1986·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·P EstessH O McDevitt
Jan 1, 1988·Immunogenetics·V SteimleJ T Epplen
Sep 15, 1988·Nature·F FigueroaJ Klein
Jan 1, 1988·Immunogenetics·C B LockJ Trowsdale
Apr 1, 1986·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·P K GregersenJ Schwenzer
Sep 1, 1987·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J I BellH O McDevitt
May 1, 1985·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J MoriuchiJ Silver
Aug 1, 1984·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J M Boss, J L Strominger
Jan 1, 1983·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·C O BenoistH O McDevitt
Sep 1, 1983·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·H SaitoS Tonegawa
Dec 1, 1983·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D LarhammarP A Peterson
Dec 1, 1983·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·L Mengle-Gaw, H O McDevitt
Jul 1, 1983·Genetics·P W Hedrick, G Thomson
Jun 1, 1982·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D LarhammarP A Peterson
Jun 1, 1980·Cell·F PerlerJ Dodgson

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.