Selection of a horizontal reference plane in 3D evaluation: Identifying facial asymmetry and occlusal cant in orthognathic surgery planning

Scientific Reports
Daniel LonicLun-Jou Lo

Abstract

Facial asymmetry and dental occlusal cant have been detected in two-dimensional cephalometry using different horizontal reference lines, but equivalent 3-dimensional (3D) reference planes have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, 3D cone-beam computed tomography scans of 83 consecutive patients were evaluated using a standardized 3D frame and three horizontal reference planes, Supraorbitale (Sor), Frontozygomatic (Z), and Frankfurt horizontal (FH) for cant detection. Canting was defined as a vertical difference between left and right sides of 2 mm or more, and in at least two investigated planes. Concordance for negative canting was found in 38 patients, and for positive canting in 22 patients. Discordance in cant detection was found in 23 patients (28%). 29 patients were found to have canting in at least 2 planes. The FH plane was discordant to the other two planes in 4 patients, the Sor plane in 7 patients and the Z plane in 12 patients. Youden's index showed the highest performance for FH (0.878), followed by Sor (0.823) and Z plane (0.762). This study revealed that the FH plane was the best method for cant detection in 3D imaging. The FH plane and Sor plane can be combined if orbital asymmetry is suspected.

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Citations

Feb 6, 2020·The Journal of Craniofacial Surgery·Riddhish BhalodiaJesse A Goldstein
Jul 8, 2020·Korean Journal of Orthodontics·Jun-Young KimYoung-Soo Jung
Oct 13, 2020·Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery : JPRAS·Rafael DenadaiYu-Ray Chen
Apr 29, 2021·Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery : JPRAS·Cheng-Ting HoRafael Denadai
Mar 4, 2021·Aesthetic Surgery Journal·Guanhuier WangHongbin Xie
Jun 8, 2021·Journal of the Formosan Medical Association = Taiwan Yi Zhi·Cheng-Ting HoLun-Jou Lo

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray

Software Mentioned

SPSS Statistic
Simplant O & O

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