Selective Adsorption and Photocatalytic Degradation of Extracellular Antibiotic Resistance Genes by Molecular-Imprinted Graphitic Carbon Nitride

Environmental Science & Technology
Qingbin YuanPedro J J Alvarez

Abstract

There is a growing need to mitigate the discharge of extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) from municipal wastewater treatment systems. Here, molecular-imprinted graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (MIP-C3N4) were synthesized for selective photocatalytic degradation of a plasmid-encoded ARG (blaNDM-1, coding for multidrug resistance New Delhi metallo-beta-lactamase) in secondary effluent. Molecular imprinting with guanine enhanced ARG adsorption, which improved utilization of photogenerated oxidizing species to degrade blaNDM-1 rather than being scavenged by background non-target constituents. Consequently, photocatalytic removal of blaNDM-1 in secondary effluent with MIP-C3N4 (k = 0.111 ± 0.028 min-1) was 37 times faster than with bare graphitic carbon nitride (k = 0.003 ± 0.001 min-1) under UVA irradiation (365 nm, 3.64× 10-6 Einstein/L·s). MIP-C3N4 can efficiently catalyzed the fragmentation of blaNDM-1, which decreased the potential for ARG repair by transformed bacteria. Molecular imprinting also changed the primary degradation pathway; electron holes (h+) were the predominant oxidizing species responsible for blaNDM-1 removal with MIP-C3N4, versus free radicals (i.e., •OH and O2-) for coated but non-imprinted C...Continue Reading

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