Selective attention and Pavlovian conditioning.

Experimental Brain Research
I Steele-RussellM W Van Hof

Abstract

The present results show that the common practice of using self-indexing conditioned stimuli (CSs) in research on Pavlovian conditioning is a major source of experimental bias. The typical stimulus used is either a light flash or a sound pulse in a light/sound-shielded chamber. Under these conditions the onset characteristics of the CS signal totally predominate over the durational characteristic, i.e. the pattern information. Thus a visual pattern presented as a CS in a dark chamber is confounded with a brightness change from darkness to light. In the first experiment, animals were conditioned with a brightness CS using a self-indexing signal paradigm. When tested for specificity of the conditioning, they showed complete transfer of learning to either a visual pattern or even an auditory CS. These findings indicated that the traditional conditioning paradigm is biased towards non-specific sensory learning. The second experiment showed that specific sensory conditioning is critically dependent on selective attention mechanisms. When the onset characteristics of the CS signal were de-emphasized by the use of equal energy background illumination in the intertribal interval (ITI) during conditioning, the animals were not able to f...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 24, 2007·Experimental Brain Research·I Steele-RussellT Werka
Aug 21, 2007·Human Movement Science·Scott T Grafton, Antonia F de C Hamilton

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