PMID: 3768389Oct 24, 1986Paper

Selective changes in gangliosides of human milk during lactation: a molecular indicator for the period of lactation

Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta
K TakamizawaY Nagai

Abstract

Gangliosides of human milk from women at various periods of lactation were analyzed. GD3 in colostrum, particularly in the early period of lactation, was the major ganglioside, and the molar ratio of GM3 to GD3 was 0.2-0.3 in the milk at 2-6 days postpartum. In contrast, milk from women at 60-390 days postpartum contained GM3 as the major ganglioside and the molar ratio of GM3 to GD3 was more than 3. Milk at 8-40 days postpartum represented an intermediate stage in terms of the ratio of GM3 to GD3. The selective change in the molar ratio of gangliosides was observed as a phenomenon common to all human milk from different individuals at different periods of lactation, indicating that the periods of lactation can be defined on the basis of the ratio. Since glycolipids in human milk are preferentially localized in the milk fat globule membrane, which is derived from the plasma membrane of epithelial cells in the mammary gland, the changes in the ganglioside composition reported in this communication may reflect a qualitative change of the cells in the mammary gland.

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Citations

Jul 1, 1996·Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia·D S Newburg
Feb 1, 2000·Lipids·R G Jensen
Apr 2, 1999·Early Human Development·R RuedaA Gil
Sep 4, 2013·Glycobiology·Robyn PetersonNicolle Packer
Sep 10, 2013·Biochemistry. Biokhimii︠a︡·D S Newburg
Sep 5, 2014·Lipids·Francesca GiuffridaFrédéric Destaillats
Aug 14, 2009·Nutrition Reviews·Paul McJarrowTom Clandinin
May 27, 2015·Nutrients·Kate PalmanoPaul McJarrow
Jan 26, 2016·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Marlon M ReisNicole Roy
Oct 26, 2016·Chemistry and Physics of Lipids·Mariza Gomes ReisMarlon Martins Dos Reis
Nov 12, 2016·Nutrients·Francesca GiuffridaPeiyu Wang
Jan 1, 1994·Journal of Dairy Science·R PuenteP Hueso
Nov 21, 2007·The British Journal of Nutrition·Ricardo Rueda
Mar 30, 2005·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Eek Joong ParkM Thomas Clandinin
Jun 21, 2005·Scandinavian Journal of Immunology·H BrønnumH Frøkiaer
Dec 31, 2005·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·Celina J BireckiAlan B R Thomson
Aug 21, 2008·The British Journal of Nutrition·Kareena L SchnablM T Clandinin
Jan 1, 1991·International Reviews of Immunology·M H Ravindranath, D L Morton
Mar 4, 2000·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·A BergerG Crozier
Apr 1, 1997·Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition·A Sánchez-DíazP Hueso
Dec 1, 1995·Biological Chemistry Hoppe-Seyler·R RuedaA Gil
Jun 21, 2013·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Gilda GeorgiBernd Stahl

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