PMID: 2094132Jan 1, 1990Paper

Selective DNA repair in active genes

Acta Biologica Hungarica
P C Hanawalt

Abstract

My colleagues and I have discovered intragenomic heterogeneity in DNA repair in mammalian cells. Consequences of unrepaired DNA damage depend upon the precise location of the damage with respect to relevant genes. It is therefore important to understand rules governing accessibility of specific DNA sequences in chromatin to damage and repair. The efficiency of removal of pyrimidine dimers has been mapped in the active dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) gene in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Repair within the gene was shown to be much more efficient than that in silent downstream sequences or in the genome overall. Preferential repair of active and essential genes such as DHFR may account for the fact that rodent cells are as UV-resistant as human cells in spite of their much lower overall repair efficiencies. In repair proficient human cells the rate of repair in the DHFR gene is greater than that in the overall genome or in non-transcribed alpha DNA sequences. The efficiency of removal of pyrimidine dimers is much higher in the transcribed than the non-transcribed DNA strands of the DHFR gene in both CHO and human cells. An excision-repair complex may be directly coupled to the transcription machinery to ensure early removal o...Continue Reading

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