PMID: 11921197Mar 29, 2002Paper

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) and retinoids in breast cancer chemoprevention

Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis
JoAnne Zujewski

Abstract

Tamoxifen has been shown to decrease the risk of invasive breast cancer by 49% and noninvasive breast cancer by 50%. Tamoxifen is also associated with a threefold increased risk of endometrial cancer. Raloxifene, a second-generation selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), has not been associated with endometrial cancer risk, and is currently under study in a large, multi-institutional, randomized Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene (STAR) for breast cancer prevention in postmenopausal women. A pilot trial of raloxifene in premenopausal women to assess the safety, tolerability, effects on bone mineral density, mammographic density, and other biological endpoints is ongoing. The retinoids have been shown to decrease mammary tumors in rodent carcinogenesis models. The Italian trial of fenretinide (4-HPR) in women with stage I breast cancer randomized women to fenretinide or no intervention. This study did not show an overall effect of decreasing the risk of contralateral breast cancer. However, a protective effect was suggested in premenopausal women. It has been suggested that this effect may be related to insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which has been shown to be modulated by fenretinide in premenopausal but not postme...Continue Reading

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May 28, 2009·Medical Oncology·Majid MojarradMohammad Hussein Modarressi
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