Selective induction of apoptosis in antigen-presenting cells in mice by Parapoxvirus ovis

Journal of Virology
N Kruse, O Weber

Abstract

Viruses have evolved numerous mechanisms to avoid host immune reactions. Here we report a mechanism by which Parapoxvirus ovis (PPVO) interferes with antigen presentation. PPVO (orf virus) causes orf, an acute skin disease of sheep and goats worldwide. Importantly, PPVO can repeatedly infect its host in spite of a vigorous inflammatory and host immune response to the infection. We demonstrate in a mouse system that PPVO induces apoptosis in a significant number of antigen-presenting cells after intraperitoneal injection using the CD95 pathway, thus preventing a primary T-cell response. We also show that PPVO induces a compensatory activation of the immune system. Our results may help to explain the phenomenon that natural PPVO infections in sheep occur repeatedly even after short intervals. They also suggest that the combination of immunosuppressive and immunostimulatory mechanisms is an effective survival strategy that might be used in other viruses as well.

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Citations

Nov 28, 2012·European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases : Official Publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology·O WeberH-D Volk
Aug 6, 2002·Current Opinion in Microbiology·Helen Everett, Grant McFadden
Mar 26, 2002·Journal of Veterinary Medicine. B, Infectious Diseases and Veterinary Public Health·M Büttner, H J Rziha
Jan 15, 2008·Veterinary Microbiology·G I Garrido-FariñaJ Tórtora-Pérez
Sep 14, 2012·Hepatology Research : the Official Journal of the Japan Society of Hepatology·Janina NowatzkyOlaf Weber
Oct 30, 2018·Reviews in Medical Virology·Ruixue WangShuhong Luo
Jun 4, 2010·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Franz K PutturCheryl A Jones
Dec 24, 2003·International Reviews of Immunology·Beatriz G-T PogoJohn Blaho
Sep 9, 2009·Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy·Madhusudan HosamaniRaj Kumar Singh

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis