Abstract
The inorganic dye ruthenium red (RuR) has been shown to be neurotoxic in vivo when injected intracerebrally. In this work the toxicity of RuR was compared in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons, cerebellar granule neurons and cerebellar astroglia. Microscopic examination of the cultures revealed that RuR penetrates the somata of both types of neurons used and produces vacuolization and loss and fragmentation of neurites. In contrast, no RuR was seen inside cultured astrocytes and no morphological signs of damage were observed in these cells. RuR toxicity was also assessed by immunocytochemistry of alpha-tubulin and by biochemical measurement of the reduction of (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) by the cultured cells. The morphological alterations in the neurons were closely correlated with loss of tubulin immunoreactivity and particularly with a notable decrement in the ability to reduce MTT. Using the latter parameter, it was found that neuronal damage was independent of the age of the cultures, augmented progressively with time of incubation with RuR, from 8 to 24 h, and showed a clear dose-response curve from 20 to 100 microM RuR. Astrocytes showed only a slight decrease in MTT reductio...Continue Reading
References
Sep 1, 1979·Brain Research Bulletin·R J Person, J A Kuhn
Sep 1, 1977·FEBS Letters·R Luthra, M S Olson
May 1, 1976·The Journal of Membrane Biology·K KaminoA Inouye
Jan 1, 1992·The Journal of Physiology·N V Marrion, P R Adams
Oct 1, 1992·Journal of Neuroscience Research·J Morán, M Rivera-Gaxiola
Nov 1, 1992·Journal of Neuroscience Research·A LorenzoA Cáceres
Jul 1, 1990·Analytical Biochemistry·J H CharukR A Reithmeier
Jan 1, 1990·Neuroscience·R Tapia, J Flores-Hernández
Apr 1, 1991·Journal of Pharmacological Methods·J P Kehrer, Y Park
Jan 1, 1991·Experimental Brain Research·G García-Ugalde, R Tapia
Jun 1, 1990·The Journal of Physiology·S A Thayer, R J Miller
Nov 1, 1985·Journal of Neurochemistry·R TapiaE Morales
Jan 1, 1985·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·R Tapia
May 1, 1989·Brain Research·J Moran, A J Patel
Nov 1, 1988·Neuroscience·R BalázsN Hack
Mar 1, 1986·Brain Research·M ManthorpeS Varon
Nov 1, 1971·The Anatomical Record·B Szubinska, J H Luft
Jan 1, 1974·The Journal of Membrane Biology·V M Madeira, M C Antunes-Madeira
Jan 22, 1971·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·C L Moore
Jan 21, 1972·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·F D VasingtonE Carafoli
Dec 1, 1973·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·R Rahamimoff, E Alnaes
Jul 1, 1981·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·J DeinumC Lagercrantz
Dec 16, 1983·Journal of Immunological Methods·T Mosmann
May 28, 1993·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·J M Dubinsky
Nov 8, 1963·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·T F SLATERU STRAEULI
Citations
Jun 15, 1996·Journal of Neuroscience Research·I VelascoL Massieu
Oct 26, 1999·Journal of Neuroscience Research·Y Chen, L Hertz
May 8, 2000·Journal of Neuroscience Research·I Velasco, R Tapia
Dec 1, 1995·Molecular and Chemical Neuropathology·E BelmarR Tapia
Feb 1, 1997·Neurochemistry International·R Tapia, I Velasco
Jun 5, 1999·Brain Research Bulletin·I VelascoR Tapia
Mar 17, 2005·The International Journal of Neuroscience·Kakhi BakuridzeAkçahan Gepdiremen
May 8, 2001·Journal of Neuroscience Research·O García, L Massieu
Nov 1, 2007·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Sridhar S Kannurpatti, Bharat B Biswal
Feb 10, 1998·Experimental Neurology·T I PengJ T Greenamyre
Mar 5, 2020·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·Robyn J NovorolskyGeorge S Robertson
Jul 14, 2007·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·I B NicoudR S Chari
Feb 27, 2021·Life Sciences·Yudong JiangXiaohua Hou