Selective removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products from water by titanium incorporated hierarchical diatoms in the presence of natural organic matter

Water Research
Yan LiZhiqiang Hu

Abstract

Natural organic matter (NOM), such as humic acids, fulvic acids, and tannic acids, is ubiquitous in water bodies and hinders the photodegradation of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs). We prepared titanium incorporated hierarchical diatoms as a novel photocatalyst to selectively remove PPCPs (triclosan, bisphenol A or BPA, and N, N-Diethyl-meta-toluamide or DEET) in the presence of NOM (humic acid). Diatom (Stephanodiscus hantzschii) grown in a titanium(IV) bis(ammonium lactato) dihydroxide solution integrated 7.2% ± 1.4% (mass fraction) of titanium in their cell wall and formed silica-titania frustules. The photodegradation of triclosan, BPA, and DEET by both silica-titania frustules and titania nanopowder (a control photocatalyst) follows pseudo-first-order kinetics. Under ultraviolent light irradiation, the titanium-content-normalized pseudo-first-order removal rate constants of triclosan, BPA, and DEET by silica-titania frustules were 3, 4, and 4-times those by titania nanopowder, respectively, at a humic acid concentration of 10 mg•L-1. Incorporation of titanium did not alter the morphology and hierarchical nano/microstructures of the diatom. The silica-titania frustules were rich in nanopores with a diamet...Continue Reading

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