Self-Amplifying RNA Viruses as RNA Vaccines

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Kenneth Lundstrom

Abstract

Single-stranded RNA viruses such as alphaviruses, flaviviruses, measles viruses and rhabdoviruses are characterized by their capacity of highly efficient self-amplification of RNA in host cells, which make them attractive vehicles for vaccine development. Particularly, alphaviruses and flaviviruses can be administered as recombinant particles, layered DNA/RNA plasmid vectors carrying the RNA replicon and even RNA replicon molecules. Self-amplifying RNA viral vectors have been used for high level expression of viral and tumor antigens, which in immunization studies have elicited strong cellular and humoral immune responses in animal models. Vaccination has provided protection against challenges with lethal doses of viral pathogens and tumor cells. Moreover, clinical trials have demonstrated safe application of RNA viral vectors and even promising results in rhabdovirus-based phase III trials on an Ebola virus vaccine. Preclinical and clinical applications of self-amplifying RNA viral vectors have proven efficient for vaccine development and due to the presence of RNA replicons, amplification of RNA in host cells will generate superior immune responses with significantly reduced amounts of RNA delivered. The need for novel and ef...Continue Reading

References

Jul 11, 1998·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·D P DiCiommo, R Bremner
Jan 9, 1999·Journal of Virology·C Smerdou, P Liljeström
Jul 8, 1999·Nature Medicine·H YingN P Restifo
Dec 28, 2002·Journal of Virology·Richard MolenkampPeter J Bredenbeek
Oct 4, 2003·Microbiology and Immunology·Naoto ItoNobuyuki Minamoto
May 29, 2004·Archives of Virology·D HayasakaI Takashima
Sep 15, 2004·Genetic Vaccines and Therapy·Pablo de Felipe
Jan 5, 2005·Virology·Christopher T JonesRichard J Kuhn
Apr 14, 2005·Journal of Virology·Meleri JonesMichael Jacobs
Oct 19, 2005·Gene Therapy·K Lundstrom
Apr 28, 2006·Breast Cancer Research and Treatment·Cari J McDonaldEvanthia Galanis
Oct 26, 2006·Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·Kosei HasegawaKah-Whye Peng

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
transfection
in vitro transcription
xenografts
xenograft
transgenic

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Cancer Vaccines

Cancer vaccines are vaccines that either treat existing cancer or prevent development of a cancer.

Related Papers

Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry
Kenneth Lundstrom
International Journal of Nanomedicine
Alicia Rodríguez-GascónMaría Ángeles Solinís
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved