PMID: 8463951Mar 1, 1993Paper

Self-awareness, task failure, and disinhibition: how attentional focus affects eating

Journal of Personality
Todd F HeathertonRoy F Baumeister

Abstract

Dieting and nondieting subjects were given either failure or neutral performance feedback on a problem-solving task. Failure subjects were then assigned to one of three self-awareness conditions: One group was forced to watch a video clip of themselves failing on the problem-solving task, one group was asked to watch a distracting video clip on bighorn sheep, and the final group was asked to sit quietly for 10 minutes. Subjects were then allowed to eat as much ice cream as they wanted. Only in those conditions which allowed--or promoted--low self-awareness (the failure/distraction and simple failure condition) did dieters show disinhibited eating. In the failure/videotape condition, which enforced high levels of self-awareness, eating in dieters remained inhibited. This supports the proposal that a reduction in self-awareness is necessary for lifting of inhibitions. Eating in nondieters was reduced in the failure/videotape and simple failure conditions, possibly because of the autonomic correlates of distress.

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Citations

Jul 28, 1999·The International Journal of Eating Disorders·J Polivy, C P Herman
Jul 18, 2000·The International Journal of Eating Disorders·C L Sheppard-SawyerJ H Fischer
Oct 24, 2002·Neurobiology of Aging·Gemma CasadesusJames A Joseph
Jul 31, 2012·Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience·Dylan D Wagner, Todd F Heatherton
Apr 25, 2012·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience·Dylan D WagnerTodd F Heatherton
Nov 7, 2007·Eating and Weight Disorders : EWD·M A OuwensC P van der Staak
Jan 29, 2011·Trends in Cognitive Sciences·Todd F Heatherton, Dylan D Wagner
Mar 5, 2016·Health Communication·Nagwan R ZahryWei Peng
Jan 3, 2008·Eating Behaviors·Amanda G Ferrier, Matthew P Martens
Jul 3, 2007·Health Economics·Fabrice Etilé
Dec 16, 2004·Eating Behaviors·Jennifer R Shapiro, Drew A Anderson
Oct 19, 2004·Eating Behaviors·Paul Lattimore, Linda Maxwell
Nov 14, 2002·Obesity Research·James N RoemmichLeonard H Epstein
Mar 29, 2001·Psychological Science·K D Vohs, T F Heatherton
Jun 13, 2012·Accountability in Research·Howard J Curzer, Gary Santillanes
Aug 16, 2017·Journal of Health Psychology·David D Biber, Rebecca Ellis
Jun 19, 2007·The International Journal of Eating Disorders·Marla J EngelbergStephen A Wonderlich
Aug 1, 2020·Eating and Weight Disorders : EWD·Juana Romero-MesaNatalio Extremera

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