Abstract
Immunotoxicology studies of prenatal or neonatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) show effects on immune function of the adult animal. Prenatally exposed humans are known to be at increased risk of vaginal adenocarcinoma, but little research has been done to assess immunologic function. A placebo-controlled clinical trial of DES was conducted in the early 1950s. The sons and daughters born to participants of this clinical trial were traced and interviewed about immune-related health problems. Symptom and disease rates for the DES exposed (253 sons and 296 daughters) were compared with rates for the unexposed (241 men and 246 women). DES-exposed men and women reported rates of allergy, infection, and autoimmune disease similar to the unexposed. However, because autoimmune diseases are rare, a larger sample is needed to evaluate further DES-associated risk of autoimmunity.
References
Oct 1, 1978·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·M I LusterJ A McLachlan
Sep 1, 1977·Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey·R H KaufmanE Adam
Mar 1, 1988·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·E K SenekjianA L Herbst
Aug 1, 1987·Fertility and Sterility·S C WaysS S Yen
Dec 1, 1983·Gynecologic Oncology·C D FordW G Smith
Citations
Oct 18, 2000·European Journal of Pharmacology·J T Martin
Aug 6, 2002·Toxicology·J B CalemineS Ansar Ahmed
Jan 6, 2006·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·Robert W LuebkeUNKNOWN Immunotoxicology Workgroup
Jun 20, 2007·International Journal of Clinical Practice·J F Simard, K H Costenbader
Jun 15, 2000·Environmental Health Perspectives·S D Holladay, R J Smialowicz
Sep 30, 1999·Environmental Health Perspectives·S A AhmedE Karpuzoglu-Sahin
Sep 30, 1999·Environmental Health Perspectives·S D Holladay
Jul 17, 2010·The Journal of Rheumatology·William C StrohsnitterRobert N Hoover
Oct 23, 2010·Clinical and Experimental Immunology·A N Colebatch, C J Edwards
Aug 18, 2004·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·Retha R Newbold
Aug 15, 2003·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·A A Bamigboye, J Morris
Oct 3, 2008·Journal of Immunotoxicology·Tai L Guo
Oct 28, 2016·Birth Defects Research. Part C, Embryo Today : Reviews·Maddalena MallozziDonatella Caserta