Self-Reported Cognitive Frailty Predicts Adverse Health Outcomes for Community-Dwelling Older Adults Based on an Analysis of Sex and Age

The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging
Mika OkuraHidenori Arai

Abstract

The present study examined whether the combination of self-reported mobility decline (SR-MD) and cognitive decline (SR-CD) was associated with mortality and new long-term care insurance (LTCI) service certifications based on sex and age. A prospective cohort study. We analyzed cohort data from a sample of older adult residents in Kami Town, Japan. The response rate was 94.3%, and we followed 5,094 older adults for 3 years. Full analyses were conducted on 5,076 participants. A total of four groups were determined through self-reported responses on the Kihon Checklist for SR-MD (a score of 3 or more on 5 items) and SR-CD (a score of 1 or more on 3 items): non-SR-cognitive frailty, non-SR-MD and SR-CD, SR-MD and non-SR-CD, and SR-cognitive frailty. Main outcomes included mortality (n = 262) or new certifications for LTCI services (n = 708) during the 3-year period. Excluding overlapping, this included 845 older adults (16.6%). Among men, prevalence of non-SR-cognitive frailty, non-SR-MD and SR-CD, SR-MD and non-SR-CD, and SR-cognitive frailty (SR-MD and SR-CD) was 48.2%, 26.4%, 11.5%, and 13.8%, respectively. Respective rates for women were 45.7%, 15.5%, 23.1%, and 15.7%. Multivariate analyses revealed that for men, SR-MD and non-...Continue Reading

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