Semen-derived amyloidogenic peptides-Key players of HIV infection

Protein Science : a Publication of the Protein Society
Young-Ho Lee, Ayyalusamy Ramamoorthy

Abstract

Misfolding and amyloid aggregation of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are implicated in a variety of diseases. Studies have shown that membrane plays important roles on the formation of intermediate structures of IDPs that can initiate (and/or speed-up) amyloid aggregation to form fibers. The process of amyloid aggregation also disrupts membrane to cause cell death in amyloid diseases like Alzheimer's disease and type-2 diabetes. On the other hand, recent studies reported the membrane fusion properties of amyloid fibers. Remarkably, amyloid-fibril formation by short peptide fragments of highly abundant prostatic acidic-phosphatase (PAP) in human semen and are capable of boosting the rate of HIV infection up to 400,000-fold during sexual contact. Unlike the least toxic fully matured fibers of most amyloid proteins, the semen-derived enhancer of virus infection (SEVI) amyloid-fibrils of PAP peptide fragments are highly potent in rendering the maximum rate of HIV infection. This unusual property of amyloid fibers has witnessed increasing number of studies on the biophysical aspects of fiber formation and fiber-membrane interactions. NMR studies have reported a highly disordered partial helical structure in a membrane envi...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 21, 2019·Journal of Peptide Science : an Official Publication of the European Peptide Society·Vijay KumarJay Kant Yadav
Dec 17, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ignacio Relaño-Rodríguez, Maria Ángeles Muñoz-Fernández
May 4, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Shenae L CafeElizabeth G Bromfield

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