Sepsis-Induced T Cell Immunoparalysis: The Ins and Outs of Impaired T Cell Immunity

The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists
Isaac J JensenVladimir P Badovinac

Abstract

Sepsis results in a deluge of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, leading to lymphopenia and chronic immunoparalysis. Sepsis-induced long-lasting immunoparalysis is defined, in part, by impaired CD4 and CD8 αβ T cell responses in the postseptic environment. The dysfunction in T cell immunity affects naive, effector, and memory T cells and is not restricted to classical αβ T cells. Although sepsis-induced severe and transient lymphopenia is a contributory factor to diminished T cell immunity, T cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors/mechanisms also contribute to impaired T cell function. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge of how sepsis quantitatively and qualitatively impairs CD4 and CD8 T cell immunity of classical and nonclassical T cell subsets and discuss current therapeutic approaches being developed to boost the recovery of T cell immunity postsepsis induction.

Citations

Apr 12, 2019·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Derek B DanahyVladimir P Badovinac
Jun 14, 2019·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Derek B DanahyVladimir P Badovinac
Dec 6, 2019·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Khaleda Rahman QaziEva Sverremark-Ekström
Aug 28, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Jackline Joy Martín LasolaRyan M Pearson
Aug 1, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Matthew D MartinThomas S Griffith
Sep 12, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Kristen N MorrowMandy L Ford
Sep 22, 2018·Frontiers in Immunology·Minakshi RanaBetty Diamond
Sep 10, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Frances V SjaastadThomas S Griffith
Jun 26, 2020·Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine·Kikkie PoelsTom T P Seijkens
Nov 3, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Carola Ledderose, Wolfgang G Junger
Jan 31, 2021·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Isaac J JensenVladimir P Badovinac
Mar 20, 2021·Journal of Inflammation Research·Xiaoliang ZengJianfeng Zhang
Sep 7, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Dijoia B DardenPhilip A Efron
Sep 5, 2021·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Steven J MoiofferVladimir P Badovinac
Oct 16, 2021·ELife·Isaac J JensenVladimir P Badovinac

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