Sequence insertions in the HIV type 1 subtype C viral promoter predominantly generate an additional NF-κB binding site.

AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
Mahesh BachuUdaykumar Ranga

Abstract

After screening a large number of clinical samples of HIV-1 subtype C in India, a subset of viral strains containing sequence insertions upstream of the viral enhancer has been identified. The sequence insertions contained binding sites for at least two different transcription factors NF-κB and RBEIII, importantly, in a mutually exclusive fashion. Furthermore, while some of the viral strains contained insertions of κB-like sites, a few others contained dual insertions of the RBEIII and κB sites together but only one of the two was intact. NF-κB acquisition appears to be the most common phenotype unique for subtype C with nearly half of the variant strains containing such insertions. Given that subtype C already contains three functional NF-κB sites in the viral enhancer, acquisition of a fourth NF-κB motif in some variant viral strains is intriguing. Further investigation is warranted to examine the significance of the sequence insertions for the replicative fitness of the variant viral strains.

References

Apr 9, 1999·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·M H NaghaviA Vahlne
Feb 14, 2004·Journal of Virology·Udaykumar RangaVinayaka R Prasad
Aug 17, 2005·AIDS·Nagadenahalli Byrareddy SiddappaUdaykumar Ranga
Dec 24, 2005·Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases·Anna Maria Geretti
Jan 5, 2007·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Kevin K AriënEric J Arts
Oct 27, 2007·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·Nagadenahalli Byrareddy SiddappaUdaykumar Ranga
Dec 4, 2010·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Denis M Tebit, Eric J Arts
Feb 8, 2011·AIDS·Joris HemelaarUNKNOWN WHO-UNAIDS Network for HIV Isolation and Characterisation

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Citations

Oct 8, 2014·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·Guochun Jiang, Satya Dandekar
May 19, 2018·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Shilpee SharmaUdaykumar Ranga
Feb 23, 2019·AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses·Adetayo Emmanuel ObasaGraeme Brendon Jacobs
Dec 14, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Disha BhangeUdaykumar Ranga

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR

Software Mentioned

BioEdit
REGA
MEGA4
BLAST

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