Serine racemase and D-serine transport in human placenta and evidence for a transplacental gradient for D-serine in humans

Journal of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation
Zhong ChenP D Prasad

Abstract

To investigate the possible role of human placenta in providing D-serine to the developing fetus. Expression of serine racemase in placenta was determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction and northern analysis and confirmed by subsequent cloning. The transport of D-serine by human ATB(0) was characterized by expressing the cloned cDNA transiently in mammalian cells using the vaccinia virus expression system. D-serine levels in maternal and fetal blood were measured by fluorescence high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after derivatization of the amino acids with o-phthaldialdehyde and N-tertiary-butyloxycarbonyl-L-cysteine. mRNA for serine racemase was detected in placenta. ATB(0) was capable of d-serine transport, and the transport process is obligatorily dependent on sodium (Na+) with a Na(+):substrate stoichiometry of 1:1 and saturable with a Michaelis-Menten constant of 310 +/- 30 microM. Furthermore, studies have shown that ATB(0) is not expressed in the maternal-facing brush border membrane of human placental syncytiotrophoblast. The circulating concentration of D-serine in maternal serum is 5.8 +/- 0.5 microM, and the corresponding value in the fetal serum is 14.6 +/- 1.2 microM, indicating a tw...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 1, 2010·Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology·Makiko MoriTakashi Nagasawa
Feb 13, 2008·Journal of Neuroendocrinology·J K Cleal, R M Lewis
Sep 29, 2006·Glia·Stéphane H R Oliet, Jean-Pierre Mothet
Oct 12, 2007·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Takeshi TakaradaYukio Yoneda
Apr 14, 2006·Journal of Medicinal Chemistry·Seth M DixonMichael D Toney

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