Serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to cocaine dependence among African-American individuals

Addiction Biology
Ashwin A PatkarStephen P Weinstein

Abstract

Studies indicate that the serotonin system, particularly the serotonin transporter (5-HTT), may modulate the central effects of cocaine. We investigated whether a polymorphism in the 5' promotor region (5-HTTLPR) of the 5-HTT gene confers susceptibility to cocaine dependence. One hundred and ninety-seven cocaine-dependent African-American subjects and 101 controls were studied. Polymerase chain reaction based genotyping of a biallelic repeat polymorphism in the 5' promotor region yielded 2 alleles containing 484 (S) and 528 bp (L) repeats, respectively. There were no significant differences between controls of European background (n = 40) and African-American controls (n = 61) in distribution of genotypes (European: LL = 32.5%, LS = 40.0%, SS = 27.5%; African-American: LL = 27.9%, LS = 57.4%, SS = 14.7%) (chi(2) = 3.60, df = 2, p = 0.16) or allele frequencies (European: L = 52.5%, S = 47.5%; African-American: L = 56.6%, S = 43.4%) (chi(2) = 2.21, df = 1, p = 0.13). When cocaine patients were compared to an ethnically diverse control group (n = 101), frequencies of the L variant (65.0%) were significantly higher while the S variant (35.0%) was less frequent among cocaine patients compared to controls (L = 53.9%, S = 46.1%) (chi(...Continue Reading

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Jun 9, 2006·Addiction Biology·John P DahlWade H Berrettini
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