Serum and tissue biomarkers in aortic stenosis

Global Cardiology Science & Practice
Alkistis KapelouzouDennis V Cokkinos

Abstract

Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is seen in a large proportion of individuals over 60 years. It is an active process, influenced by lipid accumulation, mechanical stress, inflammation, and abnormal extracellular matrix turnover. Various biomarkers (BMs) are studied, as regards mechanisms, diagnosis and prognosis. In the calcified valves calcium deposition, elastin fragmentation and disorganization of cellular matrix were assessed, together with expression of OPN, OPG, osteocalcin (OCN) and RL2. We prospectively studied the following serum BMs in 60 patients with CAVS and compared them to 20 healthy controls, free from any cardiac disease: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) 2 and 9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP1), which regulate collagen turnover, inflammatory factors, i.e. tumor necrosis factor a (TNFa), interleukin 2 (IL2), transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) which regulates fibrosis, fetuin-A (fet-A), osteopontin (OPN), osteoprotegerin (OPG), sclerostin (SOST), and relaxin-2 (RL2) which positively or negatively regulate calcification. Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) which regulates migration and infiltration of monocytes/macrophages was also studied as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) an oxida...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 18, 2017·Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research·Bernd HewingKarl Stangl
Apr 21, 2018·ASAIO Journal : a Peer-reviewed Journal of the American Society for Artificial Internal Organs·Qiao ZhangNianguo Dong
Oct 24, 2019·Current Molecular Medicine·Rafael Clara MartinsPaulo Castro-Chaves
Aug 1, 2018·Current Heart Failure Reports·Nimesh Patel, Dharam J Kumbhani
Jun 25, 2020·Journal of Cardiovascular Translational Research·Álvaro AceñaJosé Tuñón
Feb 24, 2018·European Journal of Preventive Cardiology·Francesco Nicolini
Sep 18, 2020·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Joseph C GrimKristi S Anseth

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
light microscopy
MDA

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
Fiji
Image Pro Plus

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