Setbacks in Forehead Feminization Cranioplasty: A Systematic Review of Complications and Patient-Reported Outcomes

Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
Michael EggerstedtPeter C Revenaugh

Abstract

Forehead feminization cranioplasty (FFC) is an important component of gender-affirming surgery and has become increasingly popular in recent years. Little objective evidence exists for the procedure's safety and clinical impact via patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). To determine what complications are observed following FFC, the relative frequency of complications by surgical technique, and what impact the procedure has on patient's quality of life. Database searches were performed in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and PsycINFO. The search terms included variations of forehead setback/FFC. Both controlled vocabularies (i.e., MeSH and CINAHL's Suggested Subject Terms) and keywords in the title or abstract fields were searched. Two independent reviewers screened the titles and abstracts of all articles. Two independent surgeon reviewers evaluated the full text of all included articles, and relevant data points were extracted. Complications and complication rate observed following FFC. Additional outcome measures were the approach utilized, concurrent procedures performed, and the use and findings of a PROM. Ten articles describing FFC were included, encompassing ...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jul 7, 2020·Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery·Jeffrey H Spiegel
Jul 4, 2020·Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery·Jeffrey H Spiegel
Apr 3, 2021·World Journal of Surgery·Alireza Hamidian JahromiLoren Schechter
Sep 25, 2021·Facial Plastic Surgery & Aesthetic Medicine·Krystyne BasaJeffrey H Spiegel

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