Severe cardiopulmonary complications consistent with systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by leukemia cell lysis in childhood acute myelomonocytic or monocytic leukemia

Pediatric Blood & Cancer
Nobuko HijiyaRaul C Ribeiro

Abstract

Life-threatening pulmonary complications that coincide with cell lysis during early chemotherapy and that mimic systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) have been reported in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We reviewed the records of patients with de novo AML, excluding M3 and Down syndrome, treated at our institution between 1991 and 2002 to determine the prevalence of severe SIRS with grade 3/4 pulmonary complications and to identify AML subtypes associated with severe SIRS. To examine the role of cell lysis, we compared leukocyte reduction in AML subtypes affected by severe SIRS with that in unaffected subtypes. Of 155 patients, 5 (3 with M4eo and 2 with M5) experienced severe pulmonary complications attributed to tumor lysis, met the criteria for severe SIRS, and showed no clear evidence of infection. Four required pressor support for severe hypotension. Severe SIRS was significantly more common in myelomonocytic or monocytic AML (M4/M4eo/M5) than in other subtypes (P = 0.010) and significantly more common in M4eo than in M4/M5 (P = 0.008). Among 112 cases for which information was available, leukocyte reduction was significantly greater in patients with M4/M4eo/M5 than among others during the first 4 days...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 27, 2013·Supportive Care in Cancer : Official Journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer·H LacknerC Urban
May 13, 2011·The New England Journal of Medicine·Scott C HowardChing-Hon Pui
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Jun 15, 2018·BMJ Case Reports·Prajwal DhakalMukta Sharma
Nov 25, 2020·Pediatric Clinics of North America·Lama ElbahlawanRaul C Ribeiro

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