Abstract
Introduction: Evidence of sex-related differences in patients with pacemakers regarding comorbidities is insufficiently investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of cardiovascular comorbidities and sex category with properties of pacemaker implantation, pacemaker follow-up, and long-term survival. Methods: This retrospective, single-center cohort study consisted of 6,362 pacemaker-patients (39.7% female) enrolled between May 2000 and April 2015. Functional pacemaker parameters were registered at regular pacemaker controls. Survival status and cause of death were analyzed in relation to comorbidities, implanted pacing devices, and echocardiography. Survival analyses were plotted for a 10-year follow-up. Results: Patients with hypertension or hyperlipidemia had higher rates of implantations due to sick sinus syndrome (28.6 vs. 25.5% without hypertension, P < 0.001; 30.7 vs. 25.7% without hyperlipidemia, P < 0.001), while endocarditis was associated with higher rates of implantations due to AV block (46.7 vs. 33.4%, P < 0.001). Patients with valvular heart disease had higher rates of pacemaker implantation due to bradycardic atrial fibrillation (24.9 vs. 21.0% without valvular heart disease, P < 0.001)....Continue Reading
References
Feb 1, 1992·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·V JelićD Kocović
Jan 1, 1994·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·M E HelgueraL W Castle
Jul 1, 1996·Acta Diabetologica·J T LearA C Burden
Jun 6, 1998·BMJ : British Medical Journal·R SchüppelW Koenig
Jul 24, 2002·Europace : European Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Electrophysiology : Journal of the Working Groups on Cardiac Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·J R PyattD T Connelly
Jan 22, 2003·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Frederick A MasoudiHarlan M Krumholz
Nov 5, 2003·American Heart Journal·Greg FlakerUNKNOWN Mode Selection Trial (MOST) Investigators
Dec 20, 2003·European Heart Journal·Michael BrunnerManfred Zehender
Apr 24, 2004·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·J DretzkeR Taylor
Jan 25, 2008·Gender Medicine·Srikar VeerareddyPratap C Reddy
Oct 30, 2009·Europace : European Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Electrophysiology : Journal of the Working Groups on Cardiac Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·Bernd NowakM Zegelman
Dec 18, 2009·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·Sana OualiEssia Boughzela
Aug 4, 2012·Heart Rhythm : the Official Journal of the Heart Rhythm Society·Anne M GillisUNKNOWN American College of Cardiology Foundation
Aug 24, 2013·Heart·Erik O UdoKarel G M Moons
Feb 18, 2014·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·Stefania Angela Di FuscoUNKNOWN World Society of Arrhythmias
Oct 23, 2014·Europace : European Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Electrophysiology : Journal of the Working Groups on Cardiac Pacing, Arrhythmias, and Cardiac Cellular Electrophysiology of the European Society of Cardiology·Fredrik GadlerCecilia Linde
Jan 13, 2015·Journal of Cardiac Surgery·Renata G FerreiraJochen D Muehlschlegel
Apr 29, 2015·International Journal of Cardiology·Pamela J BradshawMichael S T Hobbs
May 12, 2017·Journal of the American Heart Association·Niraj VarmaJonathan P Piccini
Oct 24, 2018·Revista Española De Cardiología·Marta Pombo JiménezJavier Chimeno García
Nov 10, 2018·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Fred M KusumotoPaul D Varosy