Sex Differences in Diabetic Kidney Disease

Mayo Clinic Proceedings
Christine Maric-Bilkan

Abstract

While the global prevalence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus is similar in men and women, the consequences of diabetes on associated end-organ complications, including diabetic kidney disease appear to be more sex-specific. Particularly, women with diabetes have higher mortality rates for diabetes-related deaths, and higher prevalence of diabetic kidney disease risk factors such as hypertension, hyperglycemia, obesity, and dyslipidemia. However, the evidence for the impact of sex on diabetic kidney disease prevalence and disease progression is limited and inconsistent. Although most studies agree that the protective effect of the female sex against the development of kidney disease is diminished in the setting of diabetes, the reasons for this observation are unclear. Whether or not sex differences exist in the risk of diabetic kidney disease is also unclear, with studies reporting either higher risk in men, women, or no sex differences. Despite the remaining controversies, some of the factors that associate with sex differences in the risk of diabetic kidney disease are age at onset, and type and duration of diabetes. There is growing appreciation of the importance of sex hormones in the regulation of renal function...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 3, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology·Regina F SultanovaDaria V Ilatovskaya
Oct 27, 2020·International Journal of Nephrology·Wondimeneh Shibabaw ShiferawYared Asmare Aynalem
Oct 16, 2020·Nephrology·Ixchel Lima-Posada, Norma A Bobadilla
Dec 5, 2020·Molecular Aspects of Medicine·Andrew E LibbyMoshe Levi
Apr 1, 2021·Renal Failure·Hao-Yang MaYang Du
Apr 20, 2021·Physiological Genomics·Denisha R SpiresAlexander Staruschenko
Apr 27, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Renal Physiology·Daan M van VelzenDaniël H van Raalte
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Annalisa GiandaliaGiuseppina T Russo
Aug 17, 2021·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Yiting WangFang Liu

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