Sex differences in major depression and comorbidity of cardiometabolic disorders: impact of prenatal stress and immune exposures

Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology
Jill M GoldsteinRobert J Handa

Abstract

Major depressive disorder topped ischemic heart disease as the number one cause of disability worldwide in 2012, and women have twice the risk of men. Further, the comorbidity of depression and cardiometabolic disorders will be one of the primary causes of disability worldwide by 2020, with women at twice the risk. Thus, understanding the sex-dependent comorbidities has public health consequences worldwide. We propose here that sex differences in MDD-cardiometabolic comorbidity originate, in part, from pathogenic processes initiated in fetal development that involve sex differences in shared pathophysiology between the brain, the vascular system, the CNS control of the heart and associated hormonal, immune, and metabolic physiology. Pathways implicate neurotrophic and angiogenic growth factors, gonadal hormone receptors, and neurotransmitters such as gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) on neuronal and vascular development of HPA axis regions, such as the paraventricular nucleus (PVN), in addition to blood pressure, in part through the renin-angiotensin system, and insulin and glucose metabolism. We show that the same prenatal exposures have consequences for sex differences across multiple organ systems that, in part, share common p...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 27, 2018·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Tracy L Bale
Apr 14, 2019·EMBO Molecular Medicine·Gian-Paolo Dotto
Feb 11, 2020·JAMA Internal Medicine·Deborah BartzJoAnn E Manson
May 8, 2019·Journal of Neuroendocrinology·Heather B Patisaul
Aug 28, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Marissa R KeeverSandra L Rodriguez-Zas
Mar 11, 2020·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Ronald G GarciaJill M Goldstein
Mar 3, 2021·Biological Psychiatry·Joanna MartinUNKNOWN Sex Differences Cross-Disorder Analysis Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium
Mar 31, 2021·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Vincenzo LionettiTommaso Angelone
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Suin ParkHyunlye Kim
Apr 21, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jill M GoldsteinMady Hornig
May 1, 2021·Psychoneuroendocrinology·Tyler WallaceBrent Myers
Sep 13, 2020·Brain, Behavior, and Immunity·Jing YuStephen E Gilman
Jun 9, 2021·Biological Psychiatry·Gabriëlla A M BloklandJill M Goldstein
Aug 7, 2021·Biological Psychiatry : Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging·Klara MareckovaYuliya S Nikolova
Jan 8, 2022·Harvard Review of Psychiatry·Nils KappelmannGolam M Khandaker

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