Sex differences in rat placental development: from pre-implantation to late gestation

Biology of Sex Differences
J I Kalisch-SmithK M Moritz

Abstract

A male fetus is suggested to be more susceptible to in utero and birth complications. This may be due in part to altered morphology or function of the XY placenta. We hypothesised that sexual dimorphism begins at the blastocyst stage with sex differences in the progenitor trophectoderm (TE) and its derived trophoblast lineages, as these cells populate the majority of cell types within the placenta. We investigated sex-specific differences in cell allocation in the pre-implantation embryo and further characterised growth and gene expression of the placental compartments from the early stages of the definitive placenta through to late gestation. Naturally mated Sprague Dawley dams were used to collect blastocysts at embryonic day (E) 5 to characterise cell allocation; total, TE, and inner cell mass (ICM), and differentiation to downstream trophoblast cell types. Placental tissues were collected at E13, E15, and E20 to characterise volumes of placental compartments, and sex-specific gene expression profiles. Pre-implantation embryos showed no sex differences in cell allocation (total, TE and ICM) or early trophoblast differentiation, assessed by outgrowth area, number and ploidy of trophoblasts and P-TGCs, and expression of marker...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 17, 2017·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Serafín Pérez-CerezalesAlfonso Gutiérrez-Adán
Aug 24, 2018·Biology of Reproduction·Claire StenhouseCheryl J Ashworth
Jun 30, 2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Katrien De ClercqJoris Vriens
Apr 24, 2019·Biology of Sex Differences·Sarah L WaltonKate M Denton
May 17, 2019·Biology of Reproduction·Claire StenhouseCheryl J Ashworth
Dec 6, 2019·Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology·Minal JaggarJohn F Cryan
Jan 6, 2021·Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders·Jessica A Jiménez, Mark J Zylka
Oct 27, 2021·Reproductive Sciences·Julian K Christians

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
dissection
PCR
transmission electron microscopy
genotyping

Software Mentioned

ImageJ
GraphPad
GraphPad Prism

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