Sex differences in structural organization of motor systems and their dissociable links with repetitive/restricted behaviors in children with autism

Molecular Autism
Kaustubh Supekar, Vinod Menon

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is diagnosed much less often in females than males. Emerging behavioral accounts suggest that the clinical presentation of autism is different in females and males, yet research examining sex differences in core symptoms of autism in affected children has been limited. Additionally, to date, there have been no systematic attempts to characterize neuroanatomical differences underlying the distinct behavioral profiles observed in girls and boys with ASD. This is in part because extant ASD studies have included a small number of girls. Leveraging the National Database for Autism Research (NDAR), we first analyzed symptom severity in a large sample consisting of 128 ASD girls and 614 age- and IQ-matched ASD boys. We then examined symptom severity and structural imaging data using novel multivariate pattern analysis in a well-matched group of 25 ASD girls, 25 ASD boys, 19 typically developing (TD) girls, and 19 TD boys, obtained from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange (ABIDE). In both the NDAR and ABIDE datasets, girls, compared to boys, with ASD showed less severe repetitive/restricted behaviors (RRBs) and comparable deficits in the social and communication domains. In the ABIDE imaging dataset, g...Continue Reading

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Software Mentioned

LIBSVM Toolbox
MVPA
Analysis of Functional Neuroimages ( AFNI )
R
AlphaSim
LIBSVM
ABIDE
Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange ( ABIDE )
VBM5
LOOCV

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