Sex-differences in the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in pediatric and adult populations: Systematic review and meta-analysis of 244 studies

Digestive and Liver Disease : Official Journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver
Abdulrazak IbrahimBárbara Peleteiro

Abstract

The main outcome of Helicobacter pylori infection, i.e. gastric cancer, is more frequent in men, but there is no comprehensive synthesis of the evidence on a potential role of sex in the acquisition and/or persistence of infection. To quantify the association between sex and H. pylori infection in pediatric and adult populations, through systematic review and meta-analysis. PubMed® was searched, from inception to September 2015, to identify population-based studies reporting the prevalence and/or incidence of H. pylori infection in both sexes. Odds ratios (OR) or data to compute them were extracted; adjusted estimates were preferred, whenever available. The DerSimonian and Laird method was used to compute summary estimates and respective 95% confidence intervals (95%CI), separately for children and adults. Among a total of 244 studies, mostly cross-sectional, male sex was associated with a greater prevalence of H. pylori infection, both in children (102 studies, OR=1.06, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.12, I2=43.7%) and adults (169 studies, OR=1.12, 95%CI: 1.09, 1.15, I2=68.5%). An underrepresentation of studies showing a negative association between male sex and infection was observed (Egger's test: p=0.006). Although further research is neede...Continue Reading

Citations

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