Sex dimorphism in the distribution of adipose tissue and its influence on proinflammatory adipokines and cardiometabolic profiles in motor complete spinal cord injury

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine
Gary J FarkasDavid R Gater

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to examine the influence of sex on the distribution of adipose tissue, as well as proinflammatory adipokine and cardiometabolic profiles, in chronic motor complete spinal cord injury (SCI). Design: Cross-sectional and correlational study. Setting: Academic rehabilitation hospital. Participants: Forty-seven individuals with chronic motor complete SCI classified according to sex (males: age 44.0 ± 10.9 y, body mass index (BMI) 27.2 ± 5.8, level of injury (LOI) C4 - L1; females: 42.0 ± 13.5 y, BMI 27.8 ± 6.6, LOI C4 - T11). Intervention: Not applicable. Outcome Measures: Visceral (VAT), subcutaneous (SAT), and total trunk (TTAT) adipose tissue volumes were assessed utilizing magnetic resonance imaging and a VAT:SAT ratio was calculated. Proinflammatory adipokines (tumor neurosis factor-α, interleukin-6, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor, and high sensitivity c-reactive protein) and cardiovascular, carbohydrate, and lipid profiles were evaluated according to standard techniques. Results: VAT and VAT:SAT ratio were significantly greater in male participates with SCI (P ≤ 0.002), while SAT volume was significantly greater in female participants with SCI (P = 0.001). No ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 30, 2019·International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism·Gary J FarkasDavid R Gater Jr.
Apr 6, 2021·Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation·Ashraf S GorgeyDavid R Gater
Apr 6, 2021·Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation·Phillip S GordonDavid R Gater
Apr 6, 2021·Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation·David W McMillanRodrigo J Valderrábano
Apr 6, 2021·Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation·David W McMillanDavid R Gater
Apr 24, 2021·European Journal of Applied Physiology·Jacob A GoldsmithAshraf S Gorgey
Dec 3, 2021·The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine·David R DolbowAshraf S Gorgey

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