Sex-specific echocardiographic reference values: the women's point of view

Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine
Marta PetittoPatrizio Lancellotti

Abstract

: Clinical presentation, diagnosis and outcomes of cardiac diseases are influenced by the activity of sex steroid hormones. These hormonal differences explain the later development of heart diseases in women in comparison with men and the different clinical picture, management and prognosis. Echocardiography is a noninvasive and easily available technique for the analysis of cardiac structure and function. The aim of the present review is to underline the most important echocardiographic differences between sexes. Several echocardiographic studies have found differences in healthy populations between women and men. Sex-specific difference of some of these parameters, such as left ventricular (LV) linear dimensions and left atrial volume, can be explained on the grounds of smaller body size of women, but other parameters (LV volumes, stroke volume and ejection fraction, right ventricular size and systolic function) are specifically lower in women, even after adjusting for body size and age. Sex-specific differences of standard Doppler and Tissue Doppler diastolic indices remain controversial, but it is likely for aging to affect LV diastolic function more in women than in men. Global longitudinal strain appears to be higher in w...Continue Reading

References

Apr 1, 1993·Physiological Reviews·E G Lakatta
Dec 31, 1997·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·C S Hayward, R P Kelly
May 4, 2002·The American Journal of Cardiology·Jonathan N BellaRichard B Devereux
Nov 7, 2002·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Dalane W KitzmanKathryn P Stewart
Jan 22, 2003·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Frederick A MasoudiHarlan M Krumholz
Mar 26, 2003·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Allison M PritchettMargaret M Redfield
Apr 20, 2004·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Marc KlapholzUNKNOWN New York Heart Failure Consortium
Feb 7, 2006·European Journal of Echocardiography : the Journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology·Roberto M LangUNKNOWN European Association of Echocardiography, European Society of Cardiology
Jun 20, 2006·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·Walter P AbhayaratnaTeresa S M Tsang
Nov 7, 2006·Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases·John E Sanderson, Alan G Fraser
Dec 17, 2008·European Journal of Echocardiography : the Journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology·Pasquale InnelliMaurizio Galderisi
May 9, 2009·Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography·Martin KoestenbergerBert Nagel
Jul 25, 2009·Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal : SCJ·Erlend AuneJan Erik Otterstad
Oct 16, 2009·Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine·Giuseppe MercuroGiuseppe M C Rosano
Jan 22, 2010·Women's Health·Poornima BhupathyLeslie Anne Leinwand
Aug 11, 2010·Nature Reviews. Cardiology·Luc L Mertens, Mark K Friedberg
Feb 23, 2011·Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography·Victor Mor-AviJosé Luis Zamorano
Feb 25, 2011·Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography·Kyoko KakuRoberto M Lang
Mar 10, 2011·European Journal of Echocardiography : the Journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology·Victor Mor-AviJose Luis Zamorano
Sep 2, 2011·European Journal of Echocardiography : the Journal of the Working Group on Echocardiography of the European Society of Cardiology·Stefano NistriUNKNOWN Working Group on Echocardiography of the Italian Society of Cardiology
Feb 14, 2012·European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging·Maurizio GalderisiGiovanni de Simone
Mar 1, 2012·Circulation Journal : Official Journal of the Japanese Circulation Society·Shota FukudaJunichi Yoshikawa
Mar 13, 2012·European Heart Journal·Emanuela R Valsangiacomo Buechel, Luc L Mertens
Jun 5, 2012·Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography·Robert SchuelerChristoph Hammerstingl
Dec 12, 2012·Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography·Teerapat YingchoncharoenThomas H Marwick
Dec 15, 2012·JACC. Cardiovascular Imaging·Navtej S ChahalRoxy Senior
Apr 25, 2013·Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography·Denisa MuraruSabino Iliceto
Sep 10, 2013·Circulation. Cardiovascular Imaging·Stefan PfaffenbergerJulia Mascherbauer
Jan 15, 2014·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Zhuo ZhaoLeanne Groban
Jan 24, 2014·European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging·Seisyou KouPatrizio Lancellotti
Mar 4, 2014·Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography·Philip T LevyGautam K Singh
Aug 15, 2014·Chest·Stephen C MathaiRobert A Wise
Oct 28, 2014·European Heart Journal Cardiovascular Imaging·Sebastiaan A KleijnJose L Zamorano
Dec 7, 2014·Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography·Giovanni de Simone, Maurizio Galderisi
May 20, 2015·JACC. Cardiovascular Imaging·UNKNOWN Echocardiographic Normal Ranges Meta-Analysis of the Left Heart Collaboration

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 24, 2020·Journal of Women's Health·Matthew E ArnegardJanine Austin Clayton
May 12, 2019·Heart Failure Reviews·Marijana TadicGuido Grassi
Jul 10, 2020·PloS One·Marianne K O GrantBeshay N Zordoky
Sep 7, 2020·European Journal of Heart Failure·Clare J TaylorF D Richard Hobbs
Feb 5, 2021·Frontiers in Physiology·Savannah V WootenFabian Hoffmann
Dec 4, 2020·The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness·Daniel A HackettChris McLellan

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Aging-Associated Metabolic Disorders

Age is associated with many metabolic disorders including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, stroke and heart disease. The mediators in aging process have been suggested to play a part in the cellular processes responsible for these metabolic disorders. Here is the latest research on aging-associated metabolic disorders.

Related Papers

RöFo : Fortschritte auf dem Gebiete der Röntgenstrahlen und der Nuklearmedizin
C ThüringH P Krayenbühl
Italian Heart Journal : Official Journal of the Italian Federation of Cardiology
Maurizio GalderisiPio Caso
Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography : Official Publication of the American Society of Echocardiography
Chike C NwabuoJoão A C Lima
© 2022 Meta ULC. All rights reserved