Sex-specific effects of habitual aerobic exercise on brachial artery flow-mediated dilation in middle-aged and older adults.

Clinical Science
Gary L PierceDouglas R Seals

Abstract

Brachial artery FMD (flow-mediated dilation) is impaired with aging and is associated with an increased risk of CVD (cardiovascular disease). In the present study, we determined whether regular aerobic exercise improves brachial artery FMD in MA/O (middle-aged/older) men and post-menopausal women. In sedentary MA/O adults (age, 55-79 years) without CVD, 8 weeks of brisk walking (6 days/week for approx. 50 min/day; randomized controlled design) increased treadmill time approx. 20% in both MA/O men (n=11) and post-menopausal women (n=15) (P<0.01), without altering body composition or circulating CVD risk factors. Brachial artery FMD increased >50% in the MA/O men (from 4.6±0.6 to 7.1±0.6%; P<0.01), but did not change in the post-menopausal women (5.1±0.8 compared with 5.4±0.7%; P=0.50). No changes occurred in the non-exercising controls. In a separate cross-sectional study (n=167), brachial artery FMD was approx. 50% greater in endurance-exercise-trained (6.4±0.4%; n=45) compared with sedentary (4.3±0.3%; n=60) MA/O men (P<0.001), whereas there were no differences between endurance-trained (5.3±0.7%, n=20) and sedentary (5.6±0.5%, n=42) post-menopausal women (P=0.70). Brachial artery lumen diameter, peak hyperaemic shear rate and...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 21, 2012·Nutrition, Metabolism, and Cardiovascular Diseases : NMCD·K L Timmerman, E Volpi
Sep 10, 2011·Journal of Applied Physiology·Rachelle E KaplonDouglas R Seals
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Jan 24, 2012·Experimental Physiology·Allison E DeVan, Douglas R Seals
Jun 1, 2012·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Katharine Dianne CurrieMaureen J Macdonald
May 12, 2019·The Journal of Physiology·Douglas R SealsKerrie L Moreau

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