Shear stress-induced atherosclerotic plaque composition in ApoE(-/-) mice is modulated by connexin37

Atherosclerosis
A PfennigerBrenda R Kwak

Abstract

Shear stress patterns influence atherogenesis and plaque stability; low laminar shear stress (LLSS) promotes unstable plaques whereas oscillatory shear stress (OSS) induces more stable plaques. Endothelial connexin37 (Cx37) expression is also regulated by shear stress, which may contribute to localization of atherosclerotic disease. Moreover, Cx37 reduces initiation of atherosclerosis by inhibiting monocyte adhesion. The present work investigates the effect of Cx37 on the phenotype of plaques induced by LLSS or OSS. Shear stress-modifying casts were placed around the common carotid artery of ApoE(-/-) or ApoE(-/-)Cx37(-/-) mice, and animals were placed on a high-cholesterol diet for 6 or 9 weeks. Atherosclerotic plaque size and composition were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Plaque size in response to OSS was increased in ApoE(-/-)Cx37(-/-) mice compared to ApoE(-/-) animals. Most plaques contained high lipid and macrophage content and a low amount of collagen. In ApoE(-/-) mice, macrophages were more prominent in LLSS than OSS plaques. This difference was reversed in ApoE(-/-)Cx37(-/-) animals, with a predominance of macrophages in OSS plaques. The increase in macrophage content in ApoE(-/-)Cx37(-/-) OSS plaques was mainly ...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 4, 2016·Annals of Biomedical Engineering·Amlan ChakrabortyBodduluri Haribabu
Jul 9, 2016·Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Joost WillebrordsMathieu Vinken
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Nov 18, 2016·Royal Society Open Science·Ryan M PedrigiRob Krams
Jun 8, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Filippo MolicaJonathan M Gibbins

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